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In orthodontics/ braces treatment, chin projection is also an important consideration. There are two aspects that determine the projection of a person’s chin. The first aspect is the amount of...

In orthodontic treatment planning, lip projection is a complex issue in comprehensive facial analysis. Using Ricketts Esthetic line (E-line) and Holdaway’s line measurements, the lower lip should be coincident with...

On a person’s profile, the nose is the organ that dominates the middle portion of the face. Orthodontic/ braces treatment can significantly influences the way the nose suits the face....

With regards to the overall proportionality of the face, the interrelationship of the widths of the components of the face is an important consideration. The ‘rule of fifths’ describes the...

The ideal face is divided vertically into equal thirds by horizontal lines adjacent to the hairline, the nasal base, and menton. The two other characteristics of the ideal lower third...

In any dental treatment, a baseline patient’s data must be acquired before commencement. These data includes the patient’s chief complaint, medical history, family history and social-behavioral history. During the initial...

There are several factors to be considered in orthodontic/ braces diagnosis and treatment planning. First, the orthodontist must recognize the different characteristics of malocclusion and dentofacial deformity. The orthodontist must...

At the present time, orthognatic surgery is a less traumatic and more advanced procedure. That is the reason why it became more practical for orthodontists to integrate it into their...

Orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning for braces is in a period of remarkable change, away from a previous focus on dental occlusion and hard tissue relationships and toward a great...

In the old days of orthodontics, orthodontics was locked in the old paradigm of the great Dr. Angle point of view that if an orthodontist were to concentrate on correcting...